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Influence Of Abortion Stigma, Behaviour Pattern And Distress Tolerance On Substance Use Amongst Adolescents
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As Kumar et al. (2009) deftly demonstrate
abortion violates two fundamental ideals of womanhood: Nurturing
motherhood and sexual purity. The desire to be a mother is central to
being a “good womanâ€. Abortion, therefore, is stigmatized because it is
evidence that a woman has had “no procreative†sex and is seeking to
exert control over her own reproduction and sexuality, both of which
threaten existing gender norms (Kumar et al., 2009). The stigmatization
adolescents experience may not be rooted in the act of aborting a fetus;
stigma may instead be associated with having conceived an unwanted
pregnancy, of which abortion is a marker. Stigma may be associated with
feelings of shame about sexual practices, failure to contracept
effectively, or misplaced faith in a partner who disappoints. Abortion
can be seen here as one of several “bad choices†about sex,
contraception, or partner (Furedi, 2001).
Behavior pattern
is a recurrent way of acting by an individual or group toward a given
object or in a given situation. Behavior pattern A is a type of
personality that concerns how people respond to stress. However,
although its name implies a personality typology, it is more
appropriately conceptualized as a trait continuum, with extremes Type-A
and Type-B individuals on each end. Friedman and Rosenman (both
cardiologists) actually discovered the Type A behavior by accident after
they realized that their waiting-room chairs needed to be reupholstered
much sooner than anticipated .When the upholsterer arrived to do the
work, he carefully inspected the chairs and noted that the upholstery
had worn in an unusual way: "there's something different about your
patients, I've never seen anyone wear out chairs like this." Unlike most
patients, who wait patiently, the cardiac patients seemed unable to sit
in their seats for long and wore out the arms of the chairs. They
tended to sit on the edge of the seat and leaped up frequently. Friedman
and Rosenman in 1976 labeled this behavior pattern Type A personality.
They subsequently conducted research to show that people with type A
personality run a higher risk of heart disease and high blood pressure
than people with Type B behaviour pattern.
Type A
individuals tend to be very competitive and self-critical. They strive
toward goals without feeling a sense of joy in their efforts or
accomplishments .Interrelated with this is the presence of a significant
life imbalance. This is characterized by a high work involvement. Type A
individuals are easily ‘wound up’ and tend to overreact. They also tend
to have high blood pressure (hypertension).Type A personalities
experience a constant sense of time urgency: Type A people seem to be in
a constant struggle against the clock. Often, they quickly become
impatient with delays and unproductive time, schedule commitments too
tightly, and try to do more than one thing at a time, such as reading
while eating or watching television. People with Type B personality tend
to be more tolerant of others, are more relaxed than Type A
individuals, more reflective, experience lower levels of anxiety and
display a higher level of imagination and creativity.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]The study assessed the influence of abortion stigma, behaviour pattern and distress tolerance on substance use amongst adolescents. In determining the influence of of abortion stigma, behaviour pattern and distress tolerance on substance use amongst adolescents, four (4) scales were used namely; Abortion stigma Scale by Shellenberg, KM, Levandowski, B., Hessini, L. (2014), Type A behaviour scale by (Omoluabi, 1997), Distress tolerance scale by Simon and Gaher’s (2005), and Substance use s ... Continue reading---
