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Influence Of Shyness And Body Dysmorphism On Internet Addiction
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Internet
addiction has contributed a lot of problem over the years especially
among undergraduates since they are the ones who use sophisticated
phones mostly these days. Internet addiction result in personal, family,
academic, financial, and occupational problem that are characteristic
of other addictions. Impairments of real life relationships are
disrupted as a result of excessive use of the internet. Individuals
suffering from Internet addiction spend more time in solitary seclusion,
spend less time with real people in their lives, and are often viewed
as socially awkward. Arguments may result due to the volume of time
spent on-line. Those suffering from internet addiction may attempt to
conceal the amount of time spent on-line, which results in distrust and
the disturbance of quality in once stable relationships. Some suffering
from Internet addiction may create on-line personas or profiles where
they are able to alter their identities and pretend to be someone other
than himself or herself. Those at highest risk for creation of a secret
life are those who suffer from low-self- esteem feelings of inadequacy,
and fear of disapproval. Such negative self-concepts lead to clinical
problems of depression and anxiety. Many persons who attempt to quit
their Internet use experience withdrawal including: anger, depression,
relief, mood swings, anxiety, fear, irritability, sadness, loneliness,
boredom, restlessness, procrastination, and upset stomach. Being
addicted to the Internet can also cause physical discomfort or medical
problems such as: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, dry eyes, backaches, severe
headaches, eating irregularities, (such as skipping meals), failure to
attend to personal hygiene, and sleep disturbance.
Internet addiction disorder, more commonly called problematic Internet
use (PIU), (Moreno, Jelenchick & Christakis, 2013) refers to
excessive Internet use that interferes with daily life (Byun, Ruffini,
Mills, Juline, Douglas, Niang, Stepchenkova, Lee, Loutfi, Lee, Atallah
& Blanton, 2009).
Internet addiction disorder was
originally proposed as a disorder in a satirical hoax (Goldberg, 1995;
Beato, 2010), although some later researchers have taken his essay
seriously. He used this term because it was a suitable fit to his
parody. This idea he conjured was to demonstrate the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders handbook's complexity and
rigidity. Among the symptoms he included in this parody were "important
social or occupational activities that are given up or reduced because
of the internet use", "fantasies or dreams about the internet" and
"voluntary or involuntary typing movements of the fingers". (Wallis,
2016).
Goldberg himself has redefined Internet Addiction Disorder as a
"pathological Internet use disorder" (also known as PIU) to avoid what
he started as a joke to be thought of as an officially diagnosed
addiction, such as an addiction to heroin. Goldberg mentioned that to
receive medical attention or support for every behavior by putting it in
to psychiatric nomenclature is ridiculous. Goldberg added if every
overdone behavior can be an addiction that would lead us to have support
groups for individuals that consistently cough or are addicted to books
(Wallis & David, 2016). He took pathological gambling, as diagnosed
by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV),
as his model for the description of IAD. (Internet Addictive Disorder
(IAD) Diagnostic Criteria, 2009) Internet Addiction Disorder receives
coverage in the press, and the possible future classification of it as a
psychological disorder continues to be debated and researched in the
psychiatric community (Block, 2008). A systematic review of Pathological
Internet Use literature identified the lack of standardization in the
concept as a major impediment to advancing this area of study. (Moreno,
2011). "Other online habits such as reading, playing computer games, or
watching very large numbers of Internet videos are troubling only to the
extent that these activities interfere with normal life. Internet
Addiction Disorder is often divided into subtypes by activity, such as
gaming; online social networking, (Masters, 2015); blogging; email;
excessive, overwhelming, or inappropriate Internet pornography use;
(Turel & Serenko, 2010), or Internet shopping (shopping addiction).
(eBay Addiction, 2014) Opponents note that compulsive behaviors may not
necessarily be addictive. (PsychCentral, 2018).
Internet
addiction is a subset of a broader "technology addiction". Widespread
obsession with technology goes back at least to radio in the 1930s and
television in the 1960s, but it has exploded in importance during the
digital age (Rosen et al, 2012). A study published in the journal
Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking (2014) suggests that
prevalence of Internet addiction varies considerably among countries and
is inversely related to quality of life (Cheng & Li, 2014).
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]The study investigated the influence of shyness and body dysmorphism on internet addiction among undergraduates. Six hundred and forty undergraduates were recruited as participants in the present study from two tertiary institutions (university of uyo and Akwa Ibom State university) consisting of 307 males and 337 females. Their age range range were from 18- 45 and their mean age was 38.5. A cross sectional design was adopted for the study. Three instruments were used in the study: Shyness Scale ... Continue reading---
