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A Comparative Study Of Guidance And Counseling Services Effect On Secondary School Students’ Academic Performance In Ikenne Local Government Area
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Since
Nigeria Republic has established their independence after the
colonization, many good developments took place, both in the structure
and functioning of society, of which, educational system is no
exception. In Nigeria, the system of education seems to undergo a
never-ending reform. “As the reformation progresses,†It is not
surprising that not only children and parents but also educational
authorities are getting confused and do not know how to cope with the
need of making choices in an increasingly complex system of education.
One of important need of Nigeria education is to take note of the
academic performance of our students’ in other to have a standard and
well-functioning of the society.
Academic performance which is the
extent in which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their
short or long-term educational goals is reflected through Cumulative GPA
and completion of educational degrees such as High School and
Bachelor's degrees. It can also be refers to a child’s success and
performance in school and can be measured by grade point averages, as a
cluster of achievement tests or, using speciï¬c tests for reading or
arithmetic skills, such as reading speed, fluency and comprehension, and
the ability to solve logical/arithmetic problems (Joseph , Karol ,
Peter and Marek , 2016).
Throughout the nations such as Nigeria,
great concern is being expressed about how poorly children are
performing on tests in mathematics, reading and science. The future of
every nation depends on a citizenship who knows how to participate in
the democratic process educated and trained for the job market. Hence
the need for academic procedure that is well seasoned with competent
Guidance and Counseling services as early as possible at every step of
academic exercise. Studies have it that private Secondary schools’
education financial commitment does not improve students’ performance on
achievement tests per se. Really, what matters is teaching quality, and
not availability of school equipment and infrastructure. Hence, the
need for seasoned educators to acquaint self with the actual components
of academic performance which encompass:
The current Academic
Performance in Africa according to a report by Olu Adenipekun (2017),
Head of National Office of the West African Examination Council, WAEC,
announced the cheering news of a seven percent improvement in the number
of candidates that passed the examination with five credits. Last year,
that is 2016, 52.9 percent of the candidates recorded the feat. The
number jumped to 59.22 percent this year (2017), out of the 1,559,662
candidates that sat for the examination. He said that 923,486 of the
1,559,162 candidates that sat for the examination obtained a minimum of
credits in five subjects and above, including English Language and
Mathematics. Giving a further breakdown of the results, the WAEC boss
said that 1,084,214 candidates, representing 69.94 per cent, obtained
credits and above in six subjects.
The question one may ask encompass
what factor could have responsible for such percentile increase? Could
this be associated with the impacts of guidance and counseling which
governments tend to be floating in most secondary school? If such be the
case, counseling becomes essential needs for better academic
performance. These questions, therefore, call for the assessment of the
purpose and the availability of G&C services that could have
responsible or contribute to this minute change in the present
Nigerians’ WAEC result. Hence, the need to consider the purpose of
G&C and its’ visible impacts on students’ academic performance.
Purpose of Guidance and Counseling
Providing the needed information & assistance
Helping in individual to make wise choices
Improve the understanding of self
Facilitate the adjustment
Helps in adapting to the changes or new environment
Making self-sufficient & independent Efficient use of capabilities & talent
Promote the optimal personal & professional development
Balanced physical, psychological, emotional, social & spiritual growth
Helps in overall development & to live productive life
Recently,
Guidance and Counseling has actually recorded ample achievements such
as, helping in the academic growth & development, vocational &
professional maturity, Facilitating individuals in the right education
& profession, offering help to handle educational & professional
situations, helping in the proper utilization of human resources and in
adapting to the changing concept of education. Also, in preparing to
adapt in changing professional situations & emerging challenges and
in making proper career choice with minimize indiscipline.
As
suggested by the researcher findings, high-quality counseling services
can have long-term effects on a child’s well-being with academic
performance inclusive, and can prevent a student from turning to
violence and drug or alcohol abuse behaviors. High-quality school
counseling services can as well improve a student’s academic
achievement. Existing Studies on the effects of school counseling have
shown positive effects on student’s grades, reducing classroom
disruptions, and enhancing teachers’ abilities to manage classroom
behavior effectively. Similarly, High-quality school counseling services
can help to address students’ mental health needs.†(U.S. Department of
Education, 2002)
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]The study examined comparative study of guidance and counseling services effect on secondary school students’ academic performance in ikenne local government area, using Ikenne Community Secondary School and Isanbi Comprehensive High School, Mainflower Secondary School, Ilishan High School, Ilishan Remo as th study. More specifically, the study examined the impact of guidance and counseling on students’ academic performance.The study adopted the survey research design and the purpo ... Continue reading---
