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Determination Of Chlorine Content In Water From Ajalli Source
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
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Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas that dissolves easily in water. It
has a pungent, noxious colour that some people can perceive smell at
concentrations above 0.3 part permillion. Chlorine is an excellent
disinfectant commonly added to drinking water supplies to kill harmful
micro-organism. Chlorine is not only an effective disinfectant but it
also reacts with ammoniamiron and other metal s and some organic
compounds to improve overall water quality (white, 2000).
In parts of the world when chlorine is not added to drinking water,
thousands of people die each day from waterbone disease like typhoid and
cholera according to (Darnail 1999). However, the addition of chlorine
in water has its limitations but its dangers, are relatively shortlived
compared to the dangers of most other highly poisonous substances.
Rideal et al, (2005) suggests that this is because chlorine reacts
quickly with other substance in after (and forms combined chlorine) or
escapes as a gas into the atmosphere. The free chlorine test measures
only the amount of free or dissolved chlorine in water, but the total
chlorine test measures both free and combined of chlorine.
According to Richardson et al (2007), if the water contains a lot of
decaying materials, free chlorine can combine with them to form
disinfection –by- products like tribhalomethanes. Though there is a
limit to the use of chlorine as negative results are possible with the
addition of too odour in water are often enhanced.
Fair et
al, (2000) states that less than one half (0.5mg/L) of free chlorine is
needed to kill bacterial without causing water to smell or taste
unpleasant. Most people cannot detect the presence of chlorine on water
amount (1.0mg/l). although 1.0mg/l chlorine in water is not harmful to
people, it does cause problems to fish and other aquatic animals when
they are expose to it over along period of time. It is very important
for water suppliers to monitor closely the level of chlorine present in
the water (Hodges 1997).
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Determination of the chlorine content in water from Ajali sources was carried out in the laboratory. Chlorination has been a method for the treatment of drinking water and chlorine being an excellent disinfectant is the sole element for this practice. The world health organization (WHO) and National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) set out standard chlorine adequate for drinking water which is given as 200mg/l. This research work is based on the determination of ... Continue reading---
