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Incidence Of Salmonella And Escherchia Coli In Livestock (poultry) Feeds
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The term poultry used in agriculture
generally refers to all domesticated birds kepts for egg or meat
production. These includes chickens (domestic fowls), Grallus domestics,
turkeys, ducks and geese. This project will deal largely with the
chicken which are the most common domestic fowl. The species of poultry
are aptable or can survive in different environments therefore, they are
widely distributed in the world, with great increase in population, the
demand for goods especially protein food become acute. To meet the
demand for animal protein and its development, rapid multiplying ones
becomes very necessary. Poultry has so many advantages over other
domesticated animal whose production is very much hindered by lack of
money, high temperature, disease and lack of good at certain periods of
the year.
The diseases of poultry is like the disease of other
animals may be caused by: a. pathogenic organisms like bacteria and
viruses, protozoa, worms and some members of arthropods
b. Nutritional deficiency, (c) From wound or cannibalism
The following diseases are usually associated with the fowls locally
1. New castle disease
2. Chronic respiratory diseases
3. Fowl typhoid
4. Coccidiosis
5. Fowl pox
The
incidence of salmonella and Escherida coli simply means the extent to
which the enteric organisms (Escherichia coli) that are part of the
normal flora and incidentally causes disease and pathogenic organism
(salmonella) affect the poultry feeds. Hill, D.H; and Davis, O.s;
(1962). Shoening et al 1942). Defined diseases as any abnormal condition
of the tissue of the body, the cells that make up the various tissue
have specific functions to perform. Pekzar et al (1977) defined
Salmonell is as a disease of the chick fowl and swim bird cause by some
species or Salnaonells.
Anon (1963) described pullorum disease as an
actute infection disease of body chicks caused by salnonella pullorum.
Infection is the entering of the disease produces organisms into the
animal.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This work is aimed at determining the incidence of bacterial injections such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli which cause health hazards to the poultry in their feeds. Sample feed were obtained from commercial mash operation/ pellet mill operation at New heaven and top feed at Ogbete main market Enugu. The samples were screened for total aerobic bacteria count, total coliform count and the characterization of the bacteria isolates carried out while indole test and citrate test were used to con ... Continue reading---
