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Relationship Between Fake Drugs And People's Perception Of Health Care Delivery System In Onitsha Urban
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The usefulness of a good health care
delivery system to any population is an obvious fact that cannot be over
emphasized. A healthy individual is a valuable asset not only to
himself, to his family, but also to his society.
The World Health
Organization (WHO) (1948) defined health as a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity.
In 1986, the WHO in the Ottawa Charter for
Health Promotion said health is "a resource for everyday life, not the
objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and
personal resources, as well as physical capacities." Overall health is
achieved through a combination of physical, mental, emotional, and
social well-being.
To achieve an overall health, we need health care
delivery systems (HCDS) that can provide high quality medical care, that
are responsive to the health needs and expectations of the populations
they are intended to serve, and at affordable costs.
On the other
hand, the efforts geared toward achieving overall health, that is,
health care delivery is the prevention, treatment, and management of
illness and the preservation of mentaland physical well-being through
the services offered by the medical, nursing, pharmaceutical, dental,
clinical laboratory sciences and allied health professions (Wikipedia,
2009).
According to WHO, health care delivery embraces all the goods
and services designed to promote health, including “preventive, curative
and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to
populationsâ€. The organized provision of such services constitutes a
health care delivery system. When fake drugs are used in health care
delivery the main purpose of healthcare delivery system, which is an
overall health will not be achieved.
The relationship between fake
drug use in healthcare delivery system and how people perceive health
care delivery system will better be appreciated by looking at the levels
of health care delivery systems. All health care systems contain four
essential levels of care (Lunde, 1990):
1. Lay self-care
2. Primary professional care.
3. General specialist care, that is, secondary care.
4. Super specialist care, that is, tertiary care.
And there is a fifth level of care – quaternary care.
The
WHO defines self – care as “activities individuals, families, and
communities undertake with the intention of enhancing health, preventing
disease, limiting illness, and restoring health. These activities are
derived from knowledge and skills from the pool of both professional and
lay experience. They are undertaken by lay people on their own behalf,
either separately or in participative collaboration with professionals.â€
The skills and knowledge of self – care will be manifested in an
individual’s ability to take appropriate action(s) to achieve overall
health. Such actions include the ability to know when to seek for
professional care, gather information on what type of care to seek for
and where to get desired medical service.
Reports of the media
(print and electronic), and lay information on incidences and effects of
fake drugs can influence an individual’s decision on how to access
health care. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the
relationship between fake drug use in HCDS and how such use affects
people’s perception of HCDS.
Primary health care (PHC) as defined in
Alma – Ata Declaration (1978), is essential health carebased on
practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and
technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in
the community through their full participation and at a cost that the
community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their
development in the spirit of self-determination.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study was conducted to assess the relationship between fake drug (FD) use and people’s attitude towards healthcare delivery system (HCDS). Participants (n = 103) were both healthcare providers (56) and consumers (47). 36 were males and 67 were females above eighteen years. They were selected through a random sampling technique. The mean ages were 37.2, 34.2 and 42.8 for all the participants, female participants and male participants respectively. All testing took place in Onitsha Gen ... Continue reading---
