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AN INSIGHT INTO THE DRUG RESISTANCE PROFILE AND MECHANISM OF DRUG RESISTANCE IN NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT Among the aetiological agents of treatable sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), Neisseria Gonorrhea is considered to be most important, because of emerging antibiotic resistance strains that compromise the effectiveness of treatment of the disease. Gonococci infections are usually treated with single – dose therapy with an agent found to cure above 95 percent of each case, but unfortunately Neisseria gonorrhea has developed resistance to most of the antibiotic used against it, which can be categorized into pre-quinolone, quinolone and post – quinolone era. A
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TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitle Page Certification Acknowledgement Abstract CHAPTER ONEIntroductionCHAPTER TWO Characteristic of Neisseria GonorrheaCHAPTER THREEEpidemiology Mechanism of Drug Resistance CHAPTER FOUR Conclusion Recommendation Reference ... Continue Reading
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]INTRODUCTION Despite the recent advances in diagnosis, surveillance and treatment, sexual transmitted disease (STDs) remain one of the leading diseases throughout the world. Increased promiscuity and onset of sexual activity at an early age are two important contributing factors to the spread of sexual transmitted disease. Neisseria gonorrheae (also known as the gonococcus) colonizes primarily in the human genital urinary tract, giving rise to the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. It cause both symptomatic and asymptomatic genital and extra genital tract infections. Diseas ... Continue Reading
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]MECHANISM OF DRUG RESISTANCE IN NEISSERIA GONNORRHOEANeisseria gonorrhea, originally high susceptible to antibiotic can adapt to adverse condition. (Johnson and Morse 1988). A hostile environment in which antibiotic are present may select; for the multiple change which result in resistance and treatment failure. Mechanism of antibiotic resistance in gonococcus may be conveniently group as those that involve alteration of the target site. Access of antibiotic to the target site may be limited by reduce permeability of the cell envelope caused by change in porin proteins; active export of antibi ... Continue Reading
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CONCLUSIONDespite a high prevalence of uncomplicated gonorrhea and an increasing incidence of resistant isolate of N. gonorrhea throughout the world, a standardized monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile has been resisted to gonococcus isolated surveillance project (GISP) in unites state and other association in other countries. There is a need for better control of gonococci disease including enhanced global surveillance of resistance and improved treatment. It has been observed that the single dose approach has also contributed to the ability of N. gonorrhea to devel ... Continue Reading
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCETanaka M, nakayama H, notomi T, Irie S, tsunoda Y, Okadome A, et al. Antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Japan, 1993-2002: continuous increasing of ciprofloxacin-resistant isolate. Int. J antimicrob. Agents 2004.Vol: S15-22. `Reyn A, Korner B, bentzon MW. Effect of penicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline on Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolate in 994 ans 19957. Br J Vener Dis. 1958,Vol: 34-227. World health organization western pacific regionGonococcal Surveillance Programme, animal repoprt. Commun Dis Intell. 1994. Vol: 18-307. Tapsall JW. What management is there for ... Continue Reading
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT Among the aetiological agents of treatable sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), Neisseria Gonorrhea is considered to be most important, because of emerging antibiotic resistance strains that compromise the effectiveness of treatment of the disease. Gonococci infections are usually treated with single – dose therapy with an agent found to cure above 95 percent of each case, but unfortunately Neisseria gonorrhea has developed resistance to most of the antibiotic used against it, which can be categorized into pre-quinolone, quinolone and post – quinolone era. A
... Continue Reading
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