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Occupational Safety And Health Hazards Among Employees
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CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Occupational
safety and health (also commonly referred to as occupational health and
safety) is an area concerned with protecting the safety, health and
welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goals of
occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and
healthy work environment. (Oak Ridge National lab safety Documents) OSH
may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, and
many others who might be affected by the workplace environment.
Occupational
safety and health can be important for moral, legal, and financial
reasons. All organizations have a duty of care to ensure that employees
and any other person who may be affected by the companies undertaking
remain safe at all times. 'Employers safe work practices, Health and
safety policy, 2013. Moral obligations would involve the protection of
employee's lives and health.
The concept of working culture is
intended in this context to mean a reflection of the essential value
systems adopted by the undertaking concerned. Such a culture is
reflected in practice in the managerial systems, personnel policy,
principles for participation, training policies and quality management
of the undertaking. Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health
Occupational Health service and practical ilo.org 2013.
Although work
provides many economic and other benefits, a wide array ofworkplace
hazards also present risks to the health and safety of people at work.
These include but are not limited to, chemicals, biological agents,
physical factors, adverse genomic conditions, allergens, a complex
network of safety risks, and a broad range of psychosocial risk factors.
Lopez. A.Rogers and C J C Murray (ends) Comparative Quantification of
health Risk (WHO).
Physical hazards are a common source of injuries
in many industries. They are perhaps unavoidable in many industries such
as construction and mining, but over time people have developed safety
methods and procedures to manage the risks of physical danger in the
workplace. Employment of children may pose special problems.
Falls
are a common cause of occupational injuries and fatalities, especially
in (instruction, extraction, transportation, healthcare, and building
cleaning and maintenance (jail injuries prevention in the work place"
NIOSH. Work and Health institute of occupational safety and health.
July, 2012.)
Bazroy et al. (2003) reported that traumatic
occupational injuries lead to 10,000 deaths globally. Occupational
injuries have been identified as one of the leading causes of adult
mortality and a major contributor to permanent disability among low
income countries such as those of South Asia and Africa; and an
estimated 50 million work related injuries occur every year or 160,000
every day. Gardner et al. (1999) and Druchi et al. (W04) stated that the
manufacturing industry has a high incidence of workplace injuries in
comparison to other industries. Fadier and De la Garza (2006) reported
the occurrence of 62,500 occupational accidents on France in the year
2000 alone, while Mattila et al. cW06) also stated that Finland recorded
20,016 hospitalizations for injuries between 1990, I and 1999.
According to the Nigerian Institute of Safety Professionals (2000)
overall, 11,000 people were injured due to on-the-job accidents each
year in chemical industry alone in Nigeria. Also, Adebiyi et al. (2005)
estimated the cost of accidents agro-allied industries in south-western
Nigeria at 87.89 million dollar annually.
Occupational hazards are
dangers to human health and well-being which are alone in Nigeria. Also,
Adebiyi et al. (2005) estimated the cost of accidents in agro-allied
industries in south-western Nigeria at 87.89 million dollars annually
associated with specific occupations. While efforts are made to reduce
hazards, these hazards remain present in the workplace by nature of the
profession. Recognizing occupational hazards is the first step in
working on risk reduction programs for the
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This research project tends to examine Occupational Safety and Health Hazards among Employees of Beta Glass Plc Agbara Industrial Estate, Ogun State.Survey design was employed with the use of a well structured questionnaire. Respondents were selected based on simple random sampling technique. Sample size of Eighty (80) respondents were selected from the staff of Beta Glass Plc.Three hypotheses were formulated and tested with the use of Chi-Square analysis. The analysis resulted to rejecting all ... Continue reading---
