according to them, those who lack self-control pursue immediate gratification or Pleasure such as drug and alcohol consumption. They tend to smoke, use drugs and gamble (Gottfredsonand Hirschi, 1990:90). According to this revised theory, the major cause of low self-control is ineffective childrearing and inconsistent parental discipline. Thus, in order to teach child self-control, parents must monitor the child’s behaviour; recognize child’s anti-social behaviour when it occurs; and punish such behaviour accordingly (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990: 97). The theory was tested by Hay (2001) on 14-l8years old high school children, and the theory was found to be relevant to the adolescents’ involvement in deviant activities. In other words, family disintegration as phenomenon could lead to a situation whereby the child will lack certain care and attachment as well as control mechanisms that would make him to function as a normal member of the society thereby engaging in deviant activities. The figure below expatiate the assumption of this theory further:
