Assessing The Factors Which Contribute To Early Marriage Among Female Teenagers

The study aimed to assess the factors contributing to early marriage among teenagers, gathering information on the prevalence, scale, and consequences of early marriages in Ubungo Municipality. This serves as a foundation for raising awareness about how the practice particularly affects children, especially girls.

The study was carried out in Msigani, Mbezi, Saranga, and Kwembe wards during May and June 2018. These wards, located in Ubungo Municipality, Dar es Salaam, are significantly affected by early marriage. The report highlights that girls are more impacted than boys, as they are often marginalized, their voices unheard, and are typically viewed by parents and guardians as "investments" due to the bride price received upon their marriage.

The survey aimed to determine the awareness of early marriage among residents in these wards. Participants were asked to define "a child," express their knowledge of child marriage, and share their opinions on the practice in their communities. Additionally, the survey explored the prevalence and causes of early marriage, community perceptions of the practice, and factors contributing to early marriage. Respondents were also questioned about their awareness of the impacts of child marriage on individuals, families, and the community, as well as their knowledge of relevant laws, policies, or regulations in Tanzania.

The practice of early marriage is influenced by various factors, including economic reasons, social factors like the lack of understanding of what constitutes "a child," cultural beliefs about the appropriate age for marriage, and the association of puberty with marriage readiness for both girls and boys.

The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods with a descriptive survey design. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and focus group discussions. The sample consisted of 40 respondents, divided into four categories: 10 teachers, 5 local government officers, 5 parents/guardians/community members, 15 female pupils/students, and 5 social workers.